Analyzing the Effectiveness of Anti-Corruption Measures and Their Impact on Governance in Helsinki, Finland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5188Abstract
Anti-corruption measures refer to a set of strategies, policies, and actions implemented by governments, organizations, and institutions to prevent, detect, and combat corruption. These measures typically include transparency and accountability mechanisms, robust legal frameworks, independent anti-corruption agencies, whistleblower protection, public awareness campaigns, and measures to promote integrity in public administration and procurement processes. The study has discovered that the existing anti-corruption measures in Helsinki have proven to be relatively successful in maintaining low corruption levels and promoting transparency in government operations. The study identifies the need for stronger enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance with anti-corruption laws and also to enhance room for whistleblower protection mechanisms to encourage individuals to report corruption without fear of reprisal. The anti-corruption measures reflect Helsinki's commitment to maintaining a clean and transparent governance system. It was concluded that there is need for continuous evaluation and enhancement of anti-corruption mechanisms to ensure their continued effectiveness. The existing anti-corruption measures in Helsinki have played a significant role in promoting transparency, accountability, and ethical standards in governmental operations. The study recommended that there is need for stronger enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance with anti-corruption laws. Implementing comprehensive legislation that safeguards whistleblowers from retaliation and provides avenues for anonymous reporting will encourage individuals to come forward with evidence of corruption without fear of reprisal. Helsinki leadership can establish platforms for regular dialogue between government officials, civil society organizations, and the public to discuss anti-corruption initiatives, share information, and receive feedback. Encouraging citizen involvement through public consultations, citizen oversight mechanisms, and community engagement programs will foster a sense of ownership and collaboration in the fight against corruption.
Keywords: Anti-Corruption, Measures, Governance, Finland
References
Berrio Velasquez, M. A. S. (2020). Dynamics of Socioecological Sustainability Based On National Footprint Accounts (1961-2014).
Erkkilä, T. (2020). Transparency in public administration. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1404
Gillies, A. (2020). Corruption trends during Russia's oil boom, 2000 to 2018. The Extractive Industries and Society, 7(4), 1171-1181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2020.06.006
Groop, C. (2021). Conflicting discourses—Social constructions of corruption in Finland. Finnish Journal of Social Research, 14, 45-63. https://doi.org/10.51815/fjsr.107595
Hong-Cheng, L. I. U., HSIAO, H. C., & Jie-Shin, L. I. N. (2021). Effects of Anti-Corruption Governance Strategy on Organizational Trust and Job Satisfaction in Ministry Of National Defense. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 74. https://doi.org/10.33788/rcis.74.7
Martin-Russu, L. (2022). Romania’s Justice and Anti-Corruption Reform: A Stubborn Divergence from European Norms in Pursuit of Personal Gains. In Deforming the Reform: The Impact of Elites on Romania’s Post-accession Europeanization (pp. 123-150). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11081-8_4
Mavidis, A., & Folinas, D. (2022). From Public E-Procurement 3.0 to E-Procurement 4.0; A Critical Literature Review. Sustainability, 14(18), 11252. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811252
Narwal, T. (2021). Whistleblower protection and effects of corruption on human rights.
Parenti, C., Noori, N., & Janssen, M. (2022). A Smart Governance diffusion model for blockchain as an anti-corruption tool in Smart Cities. Journal of Smart Cities and Society, (Preprint), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3233/SCS-210122
Rama, M. D., & Lester, M. (2019). Anti-corruption commissions: lessons for the Asia-Pacific region from a proposed Australian federal anti-corruption watchdog. Asia Pacific Business Review, 25(4), 571-599. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602381.2019.1589971
Sadik-Zada, E. R., Gatto, A., & Niftiyev, I. (2022). E-government and petty corruption in public sector service delivery. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2022.2067037
Saha, S., & Sen, K. (2021). The corruption–growth relationship: does the political regime matter?. Journal of Institutional Economics, 17(2), 243-266. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137420000375
Sunaryo, S., & Nur, A. I. (2022). Legal Policy of Anti-Corruption Supervisor Design: A New Anti-Corruption Model in Indonesia. Bestuur, 10(2), 137-158. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i2.65105
Topchii, V., Zadereiko, S., Didkivska, G., Bodunova, O., & Shevchenko, D. (2021). International anti-corruption standards. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, 7(5), 277-286. https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-5-277-286
Villeneuve, J. P., Mugellini, G., & Heide, M. (2020). Typologies of anti-corruption frameworks. In Handbook on corruption, ethics and integrity in public administration (pp. 29-42). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789900910.00009
Vu, M. C. (2021). Tensions and struggles in tackling bribery at the firm level: Perspectives from Buddhist-enacted organizational leaders. Journal of Business Ethics, 168(3), 517-537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04235-3
Xue, F., Chen, Q., Chan, K. C., & Yi, Z. (2022). Is corporate social responsibility value relevant? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment of anti-corruption campaign. Journal of Business Research, 140, 520-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.11.020
Zhang, H., Song, Y., Tan, S., Xia, S., Zhang, H., Jiang, C., ... & Lv, Y. (2019). Anti-corruption efforts, public perception of corruption, and government credibility in the field of real estate: An empirical analysis based on twelve provinces in China. Cities, 90, 64-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.01.042
Zheng, Y. (2022). Corruption in Finland and China: A Comparative Study of Anti-Corruption Ecology and Anti-Corruption Mechanisms.
